Odourless hazard

One of the basic raw materials used by composters is gully water or black water. This water is often stored in large water tanks. The hazards this involves are illustrated by the fact that in the Netherlands alone at least three incidents with slurry tanks occur each year. Unfortunately these incidents usually result in several fatalities. I would like to share some tips that can help prevent this kind of incident.

What is the problem?

Water that contains compost releases toxic gasses. These toxic gasses are H₂S hydrogen sulphide, NH₃ ammonia, CO₂ carbon dioxide and CK₄ methane. The gas of the gully water is heavier than air and so remains at the base of the tank, or in the pit where the pumps are. A slurry tank is an enclosed, sealed space and a pit is also often badly ventilated. This means that dangerously high concentrations of toxic gasses can form.

Odourless hazard

When working, the presence of these gasses goes unnoticed, as it is quite normal for a slurry tank to smell. In addition, a high concentration of hydrogen sulphide knocks out your sense of smell so you are unable to smell the hazard.

Why does an incident claim several victims?

Your natural instinct is to help another person in danger. You cannot see or smell the hazard. You are in a state of panic, so what do you do? You enter the tank to try and help the person overcome by the fumes. Without protective apparatus. Within just a few seconds you will also be unconscious!

What is the right course of action?

• Remember that there are ALWAYS toxic gasses in a slurry tank, even if you cannot smell them.

• ALWAYS ensure the space is well ventilated when working with slurry. This is literally of vital importance for your safety.
• Make sure you wear breathing apparatus that offers 100% protection against these gasses. And ensure everyone can access PPE in an emergency.
• Create several (emergency) exits.
• Ensure that you always work with a minimum of two people. One person should stay outside the tank, but that person must also wear correct PPE.
• Agree clear guidelines about the procedures when working on or in the tank, pumps and pipelines. Make sure that everyone is aware of these guidelines.
• Draw up a clear emergency procedure and ensure that all the employees are aware of the procedure.

See also the animated film on a phase 1 compost facility in British Columbia, Canada.

Champignon Blog | Mark den Ouden